DNA restoration mechanism of endonuclease enzyme revealed

Mimetic diagram showing the process of restoration made by AP endonuclease enzyme and polymerase

Restoration of DNA base excision which may cause mutation that is done by endonuclease enzyme is discovered in a molecular level. Not only does it split the DNA sequence but it also constructs a structure to restore it.

Ultraviolet rays and oxidation stress may accumulate DNA base excision and provoke cancer. Therefore a quick restoration is essential for every lifeform.

National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF President: Roe Jung-hye) announced that the research team of Professor Lee Kwang-rok of Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) revealed the mechanism of AP endonuclease enzyme that splits and constructs interstitial structure at the same time to control the restoration process.

The research may be a new point of view towards AP endonuclease enzyme as a biomarker and target for drug invention with conventional research results that reported that cancer creates may of the enzyme.

The team observed the interaction between endonuclease enzyme and polymerase in real-time using fluorescence observation. Conventionally results were indirectly derived by observing change in products with Electrophoresis observation.

The restoration process begins with endonuclease enzyme separating AP site and then the enzyme strongly fusions with the site to remove DNA from the damaged area before a second passes. Finally it is controlled to an interstitial size by the rigidity of ssDNA. Unlike normal endonuclease enzymes that randomly disintegrates DNA AP enzymes strongly attaches and continuously dissolves DNA and makes DNA interstitial structure. Furthermore the structure provides space for polymerase and the process is delicately manipulated both spatially and temporally.

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